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Broad values as the basis for understanding deliberation about protected area management

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Abstract

The success of protected areas in addressing global environmental change depends on the development of management strategies that are inclusive of broad values held by local community members. Here, we report on results from a longitudinal and quasi-experimental study that engaged community members in deliberation around their visions for the future of protected areas in Interior Alaska. Following a regional household survey, we purposively assembled three groups of residents according to the relative strength of their broad value orientations. Each group was engaged in online discussions over a month-long period time and a thematic analysis of the resulting transcripts was performed to understand: (1) the perceived benefits and threats facing protected areas, and (2) reflections on how public land management agencies should improve decision-making to better incorporate the perspectives of residents. Results showed that the landscape provided a multitude of benefits, such as natural beauty, opportunities for living an Alaskan lifestyle, and sense of community. Conversely, climate variability, ambivalence toward tourism, and large-scale development were the primary perceived threats. Residents also shared recommendations for how to build meaningful public engagement processes rooted in a philosophy of ‘inclusive conservation’ that solves sustainability science problems by balancing the consequences of different visions for nature-based solutions. Text-based patterns of deliberation showed that broad values affected the topics of discussion and social learning that occurred in small but meaningful ways. We suggest that people with similar values can hold distinct visions for the future, and that shared spaces for deliberation are important for enabling collective action. We also contend that protected area management decision-making should be transformed through the adoption of a value-based framework whereby guiding principles and relational learning are actively weighed in the process of developing more sustainable solutions for society’s most pressing natural resource management problems.

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Acknowledgements

We appreciate the residents who dedicated their time and energy, as well as shared such extensive knowledge in support of this research. The members of our Executive Committee also provided valuable guidance and insights that made this study possible. We are grateful for Dana Johnson, Rose Keller, Evan Salcido, Eric Johnson, Dave Schirokauer, and Ruth Colianni who provided support throughout our research process.

Funding

Funding for this research was provided by a Cooperative Agreement with the National Park Service (P18AC00175) and a project called ENVISION funded through the 2017–2018 Belmont Forum and BiodivERsA joint call for research proposals, under the BiodivScen ERA-Net COFUND program, and with the support of the following national funders: Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development (FORMAS), Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany, Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), US National Science Foundation (Grant No. 1854767), and the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain (Grant PCI2018-092958 funded by MCIN/AEI/https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033). The authors also thank for the Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin and the Center of Advanced Study, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (Grant No. 01LC18064), and the University of Illinois Campus Research Board (RB19119).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA

    Devin J. Goodson, Carena J. van Riper & Riley Andrade

  2. Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, 110 Newins-Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA

    Riley Andrade

  3. Department of Recreation, Sport and Tourism, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 104 George Huff Hall, 1206 S 4th St, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA

    William Stewart

  4. Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, University of Göttingen, Platz Der Göttinger Sieben 5, 37073, Göttingen, Germany

    Miguel A. Cebrián-Piqueras

  5. Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, 21335, Lüneburg, Germany

    Miguel A. Cebrián-Piqueras

  6. Helsinki Institute for Sustainability Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    Christopher M. Raymond

  7. Ecosystems and Environment Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    Christopher M. Raymond

  8. Department of Economics and Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    Christopher M. Raymond

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Goodson, D.J., van Riper, C.J., Andrade, R. et al. Broad values as the basis for understanding deliberation about protected area management. Sustain Sci 19, 449–467 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-023-01423-z

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